Sunday, August 18, 2019

Le Theme de lUnite et de lHarmonie de lHomme chez Friedrich Schiller :: French Philosophical Paper

Le Theme de l'Unite et de l'Harmonie de l'Homme chez Friedrich Schiller ABSTRACT: This study demonstrates that Schiller's philosophical work is not limited only to the explanation of the artistic phenomenon as such, and that, for him, art represents the premise of philosophizing, of elaborating an original conception of the world and of humanity. I emphasize the way in which the poet and playwright uses art as a philosophical method with a view to penetrating meaning in the world and in life and to identifying a solution to the crisis confronted by modernity. In this context, based on the conviction that the historical and rationalistic methods are the only ones valid for human understanding and achievement, Schiller, due to his artistic genius and his beginning from Kant's ideas concerning the compatibility of the theoretical and the ethical by means of the aesthetic, advances a way of raising nature (the sensible) to the level of morality with the help of the artistic creation interpreted as a game. What radically distinguishes and confers originality on Schiller's versus Kant's conception is the modality of solving the problems of the relation between necessity and liberty, sensibility and intelligibility, and individuality and liberty, thus offering the image of a person able to aspire to resonance with the exactingness of the Great Time, when evolution may become self-evolution, and history transhistory. Friedrich Schiller n'est pas seulement un sommet de la litterature allemande, il est en meme temps un philosophe d'une profondeur et d'une originalite impressionant. Il ne "poetise" pas la philosophie, mais suit les exigences d'une pensee d'une rare rigueur theorique et methodologique. Son oeuvre philosophique est l'une des plus remarquables contributions dans la philosophie de l'art. Il faut mentionner pourtant que les recherches philosophiques du grand ecrivain ne se limitent pas a l'explication du phenomene artistique comme tel: l'art represente pour lui une premisse de l'activite de penser philosophiquement, de l'elaboration d'une conception du monde et de l'homme. Schiller est le penseur qui considere l'art comme l'instrument indispensable pour la comprehension du sens du monde et de la vie. C'est pour cela que, en analysant sont oeuvre philosophique, nous n'y decouvrons pas seulement un systeme esthetique interessant, mais nous penetrons dans un univers philosophique complexe, fonde sur des considerations d'ordre esthetique. On peut dire que, pour ce genial poete et dramaturge, l'esthetique n'est pas seulement un branche de la philosophie mais une veritable methode de celle-ci.

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